Dishwasher



p l 1941. .1. s. FULLERTON 2.238.044

DISHWASHER Filed NOV. 16, 1936 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

Fl/.92 56 l W m ATTORNEYS April 15, 1941. J. a. FULLERTON DISHWASHER Filed NOV. 16, 1936 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 8 55' INVENTOR. 03,,

ATTO R N E Y5 April 15. 41- J. B. FULLERTON DISHWASHER Filed Nov. 16, 1936 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS DISHWASHER Filed NOV. 15. 1936 6 Shuts-Sheet 5 J H? I m 4* l 152 12; 130 M 112 155* g I:

V Z l A v v "*7 I Z 138 126 86 110 INVENTOR.

BY i P5 MR ATTORNEYS April 15,,1941- J. B. FULLERTON 2.238.044

DIS HWASHER Filed Nov. 16, 1936 6 Sheets-Sheet 8 atented P 11941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Application November 16, 1936, Serial No. 111,051

14 Claims.

This invention relates to washing machines for washing articles such as dishes as distinct from clothes washing machines and has to do particularly with machines for domestic use.

Une object of the invention is to provide a ing ot a lower receptacle and a removable cover-a therefor with a spray in the cover, in which opening and closing movement of the cover automati cally'makes and breaks the water connection to the spray in the cover.

Another object is to provide a dish washing machine having an upwardly directed spray nozale in the lower part thereof 'in which the water irons the spray is returned by the cover of the machine in such manner as to have a second useful cleaning effect on the dishes.

Another object is to provide a dish washer of the spray cleansing type which can be readily controlled to direct either soapy or clear water onto the dishes either from below or above.

Another object is to provide a dish washer of the spray cleansing'type that requires only a small how of water for efficient operation.

Another object is to provide a dish washing machine having a collapsible rack for supporting dishes, saucers and the like, which rack is capable being removed;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view through the casing of the dishwasher shown in position for use mounted on the rim of a sink, the interior elements of the machine being shown in elevation;

Fig. 4 is a detail elevational view of a portion of the front of my machine with a portion of the casing broken away to show the gears for controlling the valves, the view being taken in the direction of the arrow IV in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a detail rear elevation view of the hinge portion of my machine, the view being taken in the direction of the arrow V in Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view through the lower portion of my washing machine showing the spray mechanism and the water supply conduits and valves and the soap receptacle, the dish rack being removed. The section is taken in the line VIVI of Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional view taken along the line VII-VII of Fig. 6, and showing the details of construction or the valve mechanism;

Fig. ii is a detail cross section taken along the line VIII-VIII of Fig. 7;

Fig. 91s a detail cross section taken along the line IX--IX of Fig. 7;

Fig. 10 is a detail longitudinal section taken along the line X-X oi Fig. '7;

Fig. 11 is a horizontal longitudinal sectional view through one of the valve elements.

Figs. 12, 13, and 14 are schematic diagrams showing the relative position of the valve elements of the washer, looking toward the rear'of the machine.

Fig. 15 is a detail section taken in the plane XV-XV of Fig. 3.

Fig. 16 is a plan view of the plate-rack machine shown in position for use.

Fig. 17 is a detail view of the plate rack taken in the plane XVII-XVII of Fig. 16.

Fig. 18 is a detail plan view of the center or hub section of the plate rack shown in Fig. 16.

Fig. 19 is a detail sectional View through the hub mechanism of the plate rank, the section being taken in the plane XIX-XIX of Fig. 18.

Fig. 20 is a detail plan view or a portion of the spray mechanism of my washer.

Figs. 21 and 22 are detail sectional views illustrating the operation of the spray mechanism, these sections being taken along the lines XXI-ICU and XVII- -XVII in Fig. 20.

Fig. 23 is a detail plan view, of the track and track supporting elements.

Figs. 24 and 25 are detail cross-sections taken in the planes XXIV-XXIV and XXV-XXV of Fig. 23.

Fig. 26 is a longitudinal section through the track, taken in the plane IDIVI-XXVI of Fig. 23.

Fig. 2'7 is a detail section taken in the plane XXVII-XXVII of Fig. 26.

Fig. 28 is a side elevation of the machine with of thethe recess wall I I.

the cover in nested position, a portion of the wall of the lower receptacle being broken away.

Dishwashing machines, if they are to have any appreciable capacity, must be fairly bulky when set up for use. Therefore it often becomes a problem to place such washing machines, particularly in small kitchens and kitchenettes such as are common today. However, most kitchens are provided with sinks having recesses therebelow and in accordance with the present invention I utilize this space or recess below a sink for storage of a dishwasher by employing a special'mecha'nism whereby the washer can be readily transferred into a position above the rim of the sink for use.

Referring to Fig. 1, there is shown a sink II mountedbetween cabinets I2 and I3, respectively, with drain boards I4 and I5, respectively, positioned above the cabinets I2 and I3. End walls I6 and I1, respectively, of the cabinets l2 and I3 define the side walls of a recess I8 below the sink II, this recess having a depth fore and aft equal to the fore and aft depth of the sink and the cabinet. Except for a drain pipe l9 for the sink, this recess I8 is normally clear and may be used as a. storage space for a dishwasher. The dishwasher, designated generally by the reference numeral 20, is shown in full lines positioned in this recess I8 and shown in dotted lines in position for use above the rim of the sink.

To support the washer receptacle 23 in either of the two positions shown in Fig. l and permit ready transfer of the receptacle from either position to the other, a track 2| is provided, to which the receptacle 2B is movably attached by a car riage 22. Thus referring to Fig. 26, the track 2| portion cut away and having slots 25 at the ends' thereof which align with the slot 23 in the track a when the latter is positioned with the short arm extending upwardly. The sleeve 24 is adapted to be supported in fixed position within the recess I8 immediately below the bottom of the sink II. To this end, the sleeve 24 is provided with bracket members 26 and 21 at opposite ends thereof, each bracket having apertures 28 and 29 extending therethrough for receiving supporting rods 30 and 3|, and 32 and 33, respectively.

I The apertures 28 receive the rods 30 and 3| and the apertures 29 receive the rods 32 and 33.

Rods 30 and 3| extend outwardly and down-- wardly to the left and are joined at their outer ends by an integral cross member 34, which is hingedly supported in a bracket 35 adapted to be screwed to the recess wall IS. The rods 32 and 33 extend downwardly and outwardly to the right from the sleeve 24 and are connected at their outer ends by an integral cross member 31, in turn hingedly supported on a bracket 38 adapted to be screwed or otherwise secured to The rods 30 and 3|, 32 and 33 are slidably mounted in their associated apertures 28-28 and 29-29 so that the rods can be moved inwardly and outwardly with respect to secured within the sleeve 24.

each other and with respect to the sleeve 24 to accommodate recesses of different widths. When properly adjusted for any particular recess the rods are locked in the apertures 29-23 and 28-28 by set screws 39. By virtue of their downward and outward inclination, the rods 30, 3|, 32 and 33 are capable of supporting substantial weight since any downward force on the sleeeve 24 tends to press the plates 35 and 38 outwardly against the walls I8 and" of the recess. As shown in Fig. 1, the track is positioned midway between the side walls I6 and I of the recess. However, this is not essential and the sleeve 24 may be moved off center along the rods 38, 3|, 32 and 33 (by loosening the set screws 39) if necessary to avoid interference with the drain pipe III of the sink.

The long arm of the track 2| is slidable longitudinally within the sleeve 24 and is also rotatable therewithin through an angle of When the washing machine is in position for use above the rim of the sink the track is positioned forwardly with the short arm extending vertically to bring its upper end closely adjacent the rim of the sink. When the washing machine is in storage position in the recess below the sink the track 2| can be rotated through 90 to bring the r .ort arm to horizontal and then moved rearwardly to place it below the sink out of the way. The track is constantly urged into rearward position by a helical spring 36 surrounding the rear end of the long arm of track 2| which projects beyond the rear end of the supporting sleeve 24, this spring being compressed between a shoulder 2|a on the rear' end of the track and the rear end of the sleeve 24.

To retain the track in forward position with the short arm extending vertically, a tongue 44 (Figs. 26 and 27) is provided on the track which is. adapted to engage in a slot 41a in a plate 41 The track may be moved from the storage position by pulling it forwardly against the tension of the spring 38, the tongue 44 being clear of the plate 41 in this position of the track, then rotating the track one-quarter tum to the left, and then releasing the track to permit the spring 36 to pull the track rearwardly and cause the tongue 44 to engage in the slot 41a. To move the track into storage position, the procedure is reversed. The working position of the track may be adjusted by shifting the plate 41 forwardly or rearwardly within the sleeve 24, the plate being retained in position by a bolt 24a extending through an aperture 24b inthe wall of the sleeve and a slot 41b in the plate 41.

The carriage heretofore designated by the general reference numeral 22, really consists of two carriages 40 and 4|, respectively, interconnected by a swivel neck 42. The carriage 48 consists of a pair of spaced apart wheels or rollers which roll along on the inside surface of the tubular track member on each side of the slot 23. The other carriage 4| I cooperates with a track 43 (Fig, 5) on 'the washing receptacle, this track consisting of a plate having a slot 45 therein,

which plate is secured to a casting 88 on the lower I receptacle of the washer. The casting is recessed above the slot 45 in plate 43 to accommodate the carriage 4|.

The rear end of the slot 23 in track 2| connects with an arcuate slot 48:; extending a quarter way around the track, and at .a short distance from its rear end slot 23 communicates with another arcuate slot 48 also extending a quarter directly thereabove.

' tion and it is desired to move it into operating position, the following dperations are performed:

First, the operator grasps the short arm of track 2| and pulls the track forwardly against the tension.- of the spring 36 to its limit of motion, then rotates the track a quarter revolution to bring the short arm into vertical position in iront of the sink rim 49. At the beginning of this opera-tion the swivel neck 42 is in the arcuate slotllda, the brace 52 is in the arcuate slot 48, and the entire washer is carried forwardly with the track. However, when the. track is rotated to bring the short arm .thereof into vertical position, the weight of the washer causes the swivel neck it and the brace 52 to move around through the arcuate slot 48a and 48, respectively, into the end of the longitudinal slot 23. The next operation by the operator is to grasp the washer lit and pull it forwardly and upwardly, the carriage it sliding along the interior of the track 2| and the swivel neck 42 sliding along the longitudinal slot 23. This movement is continued until the carriage Mi reaches the extreme upper end of the track 2| and is stopped by the end cap til on the short arm of the track. However, the longitudinal slot 23 is continued into the end can bill so that the swivel neck 42 can project The entire washer is then moved rearwardly'above the sink rim, this movement being possible by virtue of the carriage 4| being slidably mounted on the track 43 on the receptacle. This rearward motion of the washer is continued until the swivel'neck l2 reaches the torward end of the slot 45 in track 43, which brings a supporting pad 5| on the washer directly above the front rim 49 of the sink. However, the washer will not of itself retain this position because the center of gravity of the machine is positioned forwardly of the upper end of the track. To firmly support the washer in the upper position, the brace 52 is provided on the washer, which brace consists of an elongated piece-oi strip metal hlngedly attached at its for ward end by a hinge 52a to the front lower edge of the washer receptacle 55, and extending at its rear end through the slot 23 into the track 2|. .dplate 52d, pivotally secured by a pin 52b to the rear end of brace 52, prevents escape of the said rear end from track 2|. A short distance from the rear end of brace 52 the upper edge of the brace is shaped to define a hook 520 adapted, when the washer is in operating position as shown in Fig. 3, to hook over the rear edge of a short slot 2 lb in the upper side of track 2| and thereby prevent downward and rearward movement of the front end of the washer. After the washer has been lifted into operating position in the manner already described, the brace 52 is pressed upwardly to cause the hook 520 to enter slot 2 lb and then the washer is released, whereupon the weight of the forwardposition of the washer is transferred through the brace 52 to the track2l. To restore the washer to storage position, it is merely necessary to press downwardly on the brace 52, while lifting the front end of the washer, to release hook 52c, then tilt the washer forwardly and downwardly while pulling it forwardly to carry the carriage 4| to the rear end of the track 43 on the receptacle and then lower the washer, downwardly and rearwardly, the carriage l0 and-the plate 52d sliding into rear position in the track 2|, after which the track 2| is rotated through 90 and moved into rearward position in the manner previously described. The plate 52d is made longer than the slot 48 so as to bridge the latter, as shown in Fig. 26. When the washer is in, operation position, the plate 52d lies to one side of the slot 23, as shown in Fig. 15.

General construction of washer The washer unit, heretofore designated generally by the reference numeral 20, consists of a lower receptacle 56 and a hinged cover 5i. The lower receptacle 5B is substantially cylindrical in shape and is secured to and supported upon the casting 58 which carries the track 43 and the pad 5|. The casting 58 extends upwardly along the rear side of the receptacle 56 (when the washer is in position for use) and has extending from its upper end a U-shaped member 59, the cross portion 60 of which functions as a hinge pin, and rotatably supports a swivel member 6| which is rotatably attached to the cover 51. This swivel member Bl abuts against a swivel member 62 anchored to the cover 51 and the two swivel members are held in alignment by a shaft 63 extending therethrough and exteriorly beyond the swivel member iii. The shaft 53 is provided with a head on its inner end which presses against the cover swivel member 62 and the outer end of shaft 63 is provided with a head 65 which compresses a helical spring surrounding the projecting portion of shaft 63 against the swivel member 8|, thereby holding the swivel members ti and 62 against each other. To yieldably retain the swivel members in either of two diametrically opposite positions with respect to each other, the swivel member 6| is provided with a tongue Bl which normally engages a groove 68 in the swivel memberGZ. Tongue 61 and groove 68 are so oriented relative to each other that they engage when the cover is in closed position as shown in Fig. 3 or completely reversed as shown in Fig. 28. Reversal of the cover is-provided for to reduce the bulk of the container when it is in storage position. Thus it will be observed that a substantial portion of the cover 51 lies above the plane of the swivel members Bi and 52 (Fig. 3) so that by reversing the cover and nesting the upper portion of the .cover within the receptacle 55 the dimensions of the washer can be substantially reduced.

To open the cover it is simply lifted up at the forward end, thereby causing the swivel block 5| to rotate about the cross portion of the U-shaped supporting member 59. To support the cover in open position, as shown in Fig. 2, a rest arm 69 is extended upwardly from the casting 58 back of the swivel member 61 and provided with a pad 10 for contacting the rear upper portion of the cover.

To releasably latch the cover 51 in closed position, either in-thewashing position shown in Fig. 3 or the nested position shown in Fig. 28, spring latch members II and T2 are riveted to the cover 51 adjacent the edges thereof and diametrically opposite the swivel member 6|. When the cover 51 is closed in washing position as shown in Fig. 3, the inwardly bent end 13 of the spring member hooks over a bead 14 on the upper rim of the receptacle 56. When the cover 51 is in nested position as shown in Fig.

28, the curved end of spring ll slips inside of the bead I4 and the end of the clip 12 slips over the outside of the bead I4.

To permit observation of the washing operation within the machine, the cover 51 is preferably provided with a central window I6 of transparent material.

Dishes to be washed are positioned in suit able racks within the receptacle 56 and washed by directing sprays of water thereon from a lower spray to be described in detail later and an upper spray in the cover 51. This upper spray consists of a conduit secured within the cover 51 and extending upwardly from a point below the swivel connection 62 to a point adjacent the window 16 where jet openings 18 are provided for discharging the water. Control valves and conduits for supplying water under pressure are provided within the casting 58 and will be described in detail later.

To conduct water from these conduits to the cover conduit 11, a pipe 19 is provided extending from the conduit within casting 58 upwardly to a point below the swivel member GI where it extends through the wall of the receptacle 56 and terminates in a rubber socket 80 (Fig. 6), which socket is adapted to receive and be pressed in water-tight connection with a connecting member 8| on the lower end of the cover conduit II when the cover 51 is in the closed position shown in Fig. 3. This water connection is automatically made when the cover is closed and broken when the cover is opened. One of the chief reasons for providing the tongue 87 and the groove 68 on the swivel members GI and 62 is to facilitate proper alignment of the cover 51 with respect to the receptacle 58 before it is lowered into closed position so as to insure registration of the connecting member 8I with the receptacle 80.

' The lower spray mechanism positioned in the receptacle 56. which will be described in detail later, directs a spray of water upwardly through the dishes. A goodly portion of the water admitted by the lower spray will pass through the dishes without touching them or will be only slightly deflected by the dishes and will impinge upon the inner surface of the cover 51 and fall back upon the dishes. It is desirable to utilize this partly spent water for washing purposes to as great an extent as possible and for this reason the cover 51 is of dome shape as shown in Fig. 3. As a result of this dome shape, upwardly directed water impinging upon the portions of the cover adjacent the outer edge is directed inwardly to fall back upon the dishes positioned near the center of the receptacle. This is desirable because the lower spray mechanism employed is preferably of the rotating type which washes more effectively through the'outer portions of the container than at the center.

Water supply and control mechanism As already indicated, the upper or cover spray is supplied with water through the pipe 19 which extends out-of the casting 58. This pipe'and also the lower spray mechanism are supplied with water under pressure from any suitable source ply to be selectively admitted either-directly to tlie-lower spray, indirectly through the soap receptacle to the lower spray, directly to the upper spray or indirectly through the soap receptacle to the upper spray. The casting 58 previously mentioned as the supporting member for the lower receptacle 56 also defines elements of the water control and distribution system.

Thus referring to Figs. 6 and 7, the casting 58 defines a chamber 82 directly connected through a hose 83 to the pipe I9 which supplies water to the upper spray, and a chamber 84 connecting with a hollow'rotatable hub member 85 which supports and supplies water to a rotatable arm 86 constituting a part of the lower spray mechanism. The chamber 82 is separated from the chamber 84 by a partition wall 81. There is positioned against the lower front portion of the casting 58 a soap receptacle 88 which is held in sealing engagement 'with casting 58 by a wing head bolt 89. A hollow neck 90 is formed integrally with the soap receptacle 88 and serves as a guide for the bolt 89 and prevents leakage of liquids from the soap receptacle when the latter is removed from the casting 58.

Positioned within the casting 58 and extending through the chambers 82 and 88 to a point above the soap container 88 are two valve sleeves 9i and 92, respectively, within which are mounted rotatable valve tubes 93 and 94, respectively. The valve tubes 93 and 94 connect at their front ends with actuating rods 95 and 98, respectively. which extend forwardly through a front wall 81 in the casting 58 and have spur gears 98 and 99, respectively, keyed thereto exteriorly of the wall 91. These gears 98 and 99 both mesh with a common gear I00 keyed to a shaft I8l having a control handle I02 on the outer end thereof. A cover member I 03 conceals and protects the gears 98, 99 and I00. The rear end of the valve sleeve 92 is closed. The rear end of the valve sleeve 8| communicates with a hose I04 which extends out through an aperture provided therefor in the casting 58 and has a suitable socket .connection I05 on the outer end thereof adapted to complete connection to the water faucet. Therefore, when the socket I05 is attached to the faucet and the water is turned on, water under pressure is constantly supplied to the interior of the valve tube 93, from which it is in turn supplied through valve ports next to be described to the chamber 82, the chamber 84 and the soap container 80. Thus the valve sleeve 9I surrounding the valve tube 93 is provided with a port 3 (Figs. 7 and 14) communicating with the chamber 82, a port 2 (Figs. 7, 9 and 13) communicating with the chamber 84 and a port I (Figs. 7, 8 and 12) conimunicating with the soap container 88. The valve tube 93 is in turn provided with ports 3a, 3b, 2a, 2b, and I' so oriented with respect to the ports 3, 2 and I as to communicate therewith in different positions of rotation of the-valve tube 93. The port I in the valve tube extends an appreciable distance around the tube so.th'at water connection between the tube 93 and the soap container is maintained during a" substantial arc of rotation of the valve tube. The ports 2b and 317, on the other hand, are of substantially the same shape and area as the ports 2 and 8 so that those ports are fully open only in single predetermined positions of the valve tube. The ports 21: and 3a are even smaller than the ports 2 and 3 as their function is to provide a smaller glow of water than that provided by pprts 2b and The valve sleeve 92 is provided with a port 5 communicating with the chamber 82 (Figs. 7 and it), a port 4 communicating with the chamber lit (Figs. 7, 9 and 13) and a port 8 communicating with the soap receptacle 88 (Figs. 7, 8 and 12). The valve tube 84 in turn is provided with ports d, l" and 6' for' communicating with the sleeve ports'E, 4 and 8, respectively, in certain predetermined positions of operation (Figs. 12, 13 and la). The port 6' in the valve tube is of substantial circumferential dimensions and so positionedwith respect tothe ports 4' and as to be open when either of the ports 4' and 5' is open al though the ports 4' and 5' are spaced circumfertially with respect to each other so that they are not both open simultaneously.

The various ports in the two valve tubes and the two valve sleeves are so positioned relative to each other that when the valve control handie tilt is rotated tothe right to thereby rotate the valve control rods 95 and 95. to the left, four different water connections are created in four different successive positions 'of the handle tilt.

in the first position (Figs. 12, i3 and 1t) ports lib and 3a, 3b and 5' are out of registration with their associated sleeve ports 2, 8 and ii but the port l is in registration with the port l to sup ply water under pressure to the soap. receptacle tit, and the port 8' is in registration with the sleeve port 6, which constitutes the outlet port from the soap receptacle 88, so that water is ad mitted through the soap container from the valve tubing 95, and the port4' is in registration with the port 4, so that the water supplied through the soap receptacle is admitted through ports l and t to the chamber 84 and thence through the hub member 85 to the lower spray, from which it is directed upon the dishes. The soap receptacle tt preferably contains lumps of soap which are gradually dissolved by the water passing therethrough. Furthermore, at the completion of each operation the soap receptacle 8B is left filled with water which dissolves considerable soap so that at the next washing operation there is a relatively strong soap solution ready to be discharged on the dishes.

However, if water were supplied to the spray only through the soap receptacle 88, the soap solution therein would be too quickly exhausted. For this reason, the-small port 20. is provided in valve tube 93 to simultaneously admit a reduced flow of clear water into the chamber 84, where it mixes with thesoap solution and feeds to the lower spray.

In the second position of the handle I82, the valve tubes 93 and 84 have rotatedone-quarter turn to the left from the positions shown in Figs. 12, 13 an 14. The ports 2b and 8b are still out of registration with the ports 2 and 3 but the port I is still in registration with the port I In the third position of the handle m the 'valve tubes 83 and 84 have been rotated 180 from the position shown in Figs. 12, 13 and 14, and the port I" is out of registration with the port I, and port 8" is out of registration with in registration with 1 port 8, thereby cutting off all water flow through the soap container, and port 212 is in registration with port 2, thereby supplying a full flow of clear water directly to the chamber 84 and thence through the hub 85 to the lower spray mechanism. At this time the port 4 is out of registration with the port 4 so that the water cannot escape therethrough into the soap receptacle.

In the fourth position of the handle. I82 the valve tubes 83 and 84 have been rotated 270 to the left from the position shown in Figs. 12, 13 and 14, and the ports l, 6, 4, 2a, 2b and 5' are out of registration with the ports l, 8, d, 2 and 5, respectively, but the port 3b is in registration with the port 3, thereby supplying a full flow of water directly to the chamber 81 and thence through the hose connection 83 to the cover spray.

In normal operation it is usually desirable to first pass soapy water through one spray, then through the other spray, and then pass clear water first through one spray and then through the other spray, to rinse the dishes. These diderent operations can be performed by simply successively moving the valve control handle Hi2 from the first position consecutively to the seconchthird, and fourth positions. If a longer period of operation in any position is desired for any purpose, the valve may be left in that position for any desired length of time. Thus, if desired, the use of the soapy water can be eliminated by moving the valve immediately to the third and fourth positions.

l-Ieretofore only four different positions of the control valve have been described, in each of which either clear or soapy water is admitted to either the upper or the lower spray. As shown in Fig. l, the washer is adapted to be mounted on a sink and connected to the usual water faucet ever, if desired, the water may be shut-oft by so that the water transmitted means of the valve provided on the washer by rotating the handle lllZ into an extreme left or counter-clockwise position to thereby displace the valve tubes 93 and 94 slightly to the right or clockwise from their positions shown in Figs. l2, l3 and 14. It will be observed from an inspection of these figures that if the tubes 98 and 84 are shifted to the right through a very small angle, all of the ports in the tubes will be out of registration with their cooperating ports in the sleeves, and no water can flow to either the upper or the lower spray.

Rotary spray mechanism As previously mentioned, the lower rotary spray mechanism in my washer comprises an arm, 86 rotatable in a hub 85. Hub extends through the bottom wall of the washer receptacle 56 and is screwed into a recess provided therefor in the casting 58. Arm-88 in turn has secured thereto a downwardly extending hollow shaft Hi6 which extends within the hub 85 and serves both to rotatably support the arm 88 with respect to the hub and to conduct water to the arm 88 from the chamber 84. The shaft lllE is provided with a thrust nut llll on its lower end, the upper edge of which is adapted to bear against the lower edge of the hub member 85 and prevent upward movement of the shaft I06.

The arm 85 -(Fig. 2) extends beyond the hub 85 in both directions but one end I88 is short and curved and has attached thereto at its outer end a flexible rubber hose 8 which extends to a nozzle mechanism III which is slidably mounted on the other or long end II2 of the arm 86. This long end II2 of arm 86 extends radially from the hub 85 to a point proximate the side wall of the receptacle 56.

Referring now to Figs. 20, 21 and 22, which are detailed plan and vertical sectional views of the nozzle III, it will be observed that this nozzle comprises a hollow body portion II3 having upwardly directed spray holes II4 therein through which water is directed. The body portion II3 of thenozzle isin turn attached to a carriage member II5 which is slidably mounted upon a sleeve II6 which is in turn slidable upon the long end II2 of the arm 86. The carriage member II6 is freely slidable longitudinally on the sleeve I I6 and is adapted to be moved back and forth therealong as the arm 86 rotates, to move the spray element III back and forth through a spiral path.

To move the spray mechanism I I I radially back and forth along the sleeve II6 as the arm 86 rotates, a spiral track III is provided within the receptacle 86 immediately above the arm 86, this spiral track III being preferably formed of flat strip metal (Fig. 6) wound in a loose spiral and attached at numerous points to the radial arms II8 which constitutes a supporting frame. Thus each arm I I8 is bent downwardly at its outer end and terminates in a rubber shoe II9 which rests upon the floor of the receptacle. Attached to the spray carriage II6 by a screw I26 is a resilient wire'frame I2I which supports on its outer end a follower I22 having a groove adapted to receive the lower edge of the spiral track III. As the arm 86 rotates in one direction, the follower I22 followingthe track III causes the spray mechanism III to move outwardly toward the side wall of the receptacle 86 and when the arm 86 rotates in the opposite direction the follower I22 cooperating with the track III causes the spray mechanism I I I to move inwardly toward the hub.

The arm 86 is rotated by the reaction of water issuing from the spray III and from auxiliary jets to be described later. Thus it was previously mentioned that the spray apertures II4 (Fig. 21) project vertically. However, the water from these jets is deflected slightly from the vertical by a deflector I28 which consists of a wedgeshaped member I24 extending longitudinally above the, row of spray apertures H4 and supported at opposite ends on arms I26 which extend in the path of a stud I24a projecting upwardly on the wedge member I24 and shift it into the opposite position. Thus it will be observed that the wedge member I24 is always in forward position with reference to the direction of travel at any given instant so that when the wedge member intercepts either stop member it will be reversed into the other position. Of course, the torque applied to the arm 86 by the reaction of the water issuing from the spray mechanism III depends upon the distance the stray III is from the axis of rotation (the hub 85). Therefore. when the spray mechanism is adjacent the outer end of the arm- 86 it produces a strong torque sufficient to rotate the arm 86. However, when the spray mechanism II I is at the inner end of its travel near the hub 85 the torque will be much less and may not under all conditions be sufficient to reverse the direction of motion of the arm 86.

To insure positive rotation of the arm 86 when the spray III is near the inner end of the arm, special jets I29 and I88 are provided in the outer end of the sleeve II6, (Figs. 21 and 22), these jets being directed tangentially in opposite directions and cooperating with a pair of orifices I8I and I32, respectively, in the arm II2, the sleeve II6 being slidable longitudinally along the long end II2 of arm 86 through a short distance and the orifices 'I3I and I82 being so positioned that when the sleeve II6 is in one extreme position the jet I26 is uncovered but the jet I80 is closed, and when the sleeve is in the other extreme position the jet I30 is uncovered and the jet I28 is downwardly and are pivotally supported on the 4 spray body II3 by pins or screws I26. 'The arms I25 contact the carriage II6 when rotated about the pivots I26, thereby limiting the movement of the wedge deflecting member I24 between two positions in one of which the apex of the wedge is positioned on one side of the spray apertures H4 and in the other position of which the apex of the wedge is positioned on the other side of the aper-' tures II 4. Therefore, in one position of the deflector I25 the water is deflected tangentially from the vertical in one direction and in the other position of the deflector I28 the water is directed tangentially from the vertical in the opposite direction. By virtue of the tangential component of the reaction of the water issuing from the spray ber I28 is provided on the track adjacent its in-, ner end, these stops being so positioned as to lie 75 closed.

To shift the sleeve I I6 from each position to the other at opposite ends of the track II I, the, extreme ends of track II! are deflected sharply in radial directions, the outer end I88 being deflected outwardly, and the inner end I8I inwardly. When the follower I22 on the spray mechanism III reaches the outer end I88 of the track I" it moves the mechanism I I I radially outwardly into contact with a flange II6a. on the outer end of sleeve II6 to shift the latter outwardly into the position shown in Fig. 21 in which port I2! is opened. When the follower I22 on the spray mechanism III reaches the inner end I8I of track I II, it moves the mechanism I I I radially inwardly into contact with a flange II6b on the inner end of sleeve I I6 to shiftthe latter inwardly into the position shown in Fig. 22, in which port I36 is opened. A pin II2a projects from the long end II2 ofarm 86 througha slot 611 in sleeve II6 to prevent rotation of sleeve II6 and limit its longitudinal motion, Fig. 6.

rack comprises a base frame adapted to rest upon the spiral track II! and consisting of three substantially semi-circular frame elements I86, I86 and I31, al interconnected at their ends to a diametrieal member I38. As' shown in Fig. 16, the

diametrical member I38 and the outer arcuate member I31 are made integral with each other and the ends of the inner arcuate members I35 and l36 are welded or otherwise secured to the diametrieal member I38. The inner arcuate members and I36 are preferably notched, as indicated at I39, sothat they support the lower edges of plates resting; thereon without slipping. The plates are maintained in "on edge position, substantially vertically fdisposed, by spoke members ltd which radiate from a hub l II mounted upon the diametrical frame member I38. As shown to best advantage in Fig. 17, each spoke member ltd, when in position for use, extends upwardly and outwardly at a steep angle from the hub l ll, thence outwardly and then downwardly to the-outer arcuate member I31. The spoke members are made of wire and are pivotally supported at their outer ends by being extended through apertures in a flange member H2 secured to the inner edge of the member Ill and eittending slightly thereabove. The outer ends oi the spoke members I40 are bent laterally beyond the flange-member 2 so that when the spoke members are in vertical position the laterally extended ends rest upon the top of the arcuate member ltl'l and prevent rotation of the spoke members in one direction.

.lit the inner or hub ends the spoke members are pivotallv secured to the hub member Ml in a special manner to impart to the spoke members the property of tending to resiliently maintain themselves in upwardly or vertical position. Thus the spokes l lb are subdivided into groups of threes identified by the brackets M3; I44, I45, I46 and t ll. The center spoke of each of these groups has its inner end M9 bent inwardly and projects into an aperture provided, therefore in the hub members bill. The two outer spokes of each group of three spokes are formed integrally from a single piece of wire, the free ends of which constitute the outer ends of the spokes, the inner ends oi the two spokes being bent around and pivotally supported on-the inner end I49 of the associated middle spoke. The outer spokes ex" tend nearly vertically from their pivotal connection on the end M9 of the middle spoke on oppo site sides of the middle spoke and the latter is provided with a bend llil therein which engages against the outer spokes and forces all three spokes of the group to assume predetermined spaced apart positions.

The construction of the outer spokes of each group of three spokes from a single piece, of wire produces a resilient structure which terlHs to remain in upper or open position. Thus the movement of any one of the group of three spokes about the inner end I 49 of the central spoke as an axis forces the inner substantially vertical portions of the outer spokes to bend at differentangles by virtue of the fact that their outer ends are supported at spaced apart points. This resilience is desired because it forces the opera tor to place the plates in the rack in such way as to lean the plates against the spoke members lit in such direction as to urge the outer ends of the' spoke members down against the arcuate irame member I31, thereby maintaining the rack in open position. If the operator erroneously attempts to insert the plates in the rack in such way as to incline against the spoke members I40 in the wrong direction, then the weight of the plates simply collapses the rack and the operator is immediately apprised of the mistake.

To conserve space when the washing machine is not in use, the plate" supporting rack can be lllll by a pivot screw Illli.

collapsed by folding all the spokes I down against the frame members I35, I36 and I 31. To facilitate collapse of the spoke members, a cam mechanism is provided on the central hub HI, this cam member consisting of a substantially semi-circular flange I52 pivotally supported on the hub member Ill. Thus referring to Fig. 19, the hub member lll itself may be attached to a plate I53 by screws I54 which extend up through the hub member HI and thread into a cap member I55, the plate I53 in turn being welded or otherwise secured to the diametrical frame member l fill. The cam member I52 then rests upon the cap member l55 and is pivotally retained in position by a rotatable washer member l62, which is in turn pivotally secured to the hub member To rotate the cam l5li, a handle lb'l is provided on the washer member llit, this handle consisting of a doubled back wire member having its'iree ends projecting di ametrically in opposite directions into recesses provided therefor in ears ltd extending from the upper surface of the washer member ltd. Cain member lbt is provided with a pair oi pin members ltd and ltd, either of which may be engaged between the two arms of the handle lbl.

he shown in Fig. ill, the rack is in open position and the cam lllt is turned in such position as to clear all oi? the spokes. To collapse the spokes, the handle lti'l is lifted and rotated into position above the pin lat and then lowered into engagement with the pin. Thereafter the handle lbl is moved in clockwise direction, rotating the cam lllt with it in clockwise direction and the leading end of the cam successively contacts the inner, substantially vertical portions of the spoke members I w and forces the spokes into fiat poposed in eccentric relation with respect to each other. This is to provide greater radial distance between the huh I and the outer arcuate member M1 at one end of the rack than the other, whereby one end of the rack accommodates large platters and the other end of the rack accommodates small saucers, dessert dishes, etc.

When it is desired to wash small articles such as knives, forks and spoons, the plate rack just described is lifted out of the receptacle 56 and a special closed tray I'Ill (Fig. 3) is inserted in the machine. This tray lII'I consists of a base member ill and a cover member I12, both of which may be constructed of wire screen or other perforate material. The two members are substantially identical in shape, eachhaving a flat face of substantial area, a full end wall at one end but 'no'end wall at the other and having trianguar side walls sloping fromthe full end wall ,at' one end to a point adjacent the fiat face at the other end. The base member "I has a. supporting bracket ll3 extending therealong from one end to the other, which supporting bracket is provided at one end with a projecting button or is simply folded down on top or the track II1 so that it does not interfere with the plate rack just described. The opposite end of the bracket I13 extends up along the other end or the lower member HI and is looped inwardly, then outwardly and downwardly, and provided with a j slot I15 in its outer end which is adapted to be received by the flattened end I16 of a shaft I11 which is rotatably mounted in the wall of the receptacle 56 and extends therethrough and is provided with a knob I18 on its outer end. At the inner end of the bracket I13 9. second spring member I19 is provided for resiliently retaining the cover member I12 of the tray in position at that end.

By constructing the upper and lower tray members with triangular sides as described, a structure results which is peculiarly adapted for the ready removal of articles therefrom. Thus articles such as knives, forks and spoons can be readily dislodged from either tray by simply sliding the articles out of the open end of the tray.

The support I14 and the shaft I 11 are so positioned as to support. the receptacle I10 in the path of the spray issuing from the upper spray jets 18. During the washing operation while water is projected from the jets 18 onto the receptacle I10 the latter may be rotated by turning the knob I18 to shift the articles in the receptacle around into difierent positions and expose all faces of the articles to the water spray.

Although the invention'has been explained by describing a particular embodiment thereof in detail, it is to be understood that various obvious departures from the structure described may be made without departing from the invention and the latter is to be limited only as set forth in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a dishwashing machine, a lower receptacle of approximately cylindrical shape; a cover therefor of dome shape adapted to seal at its lower edge with the upper edge of the lower receptacle in a normal position and adapted to nest within the lower receptacle in an inverted position; connecting means between said lower receptacle and cover comprising a supporting member and means hingedly connecting it to said lower receptacle for swinging movement about a horizontal axis substantially tangential to said receptacle, and a swivel joint structure interconnecting said supporting member to said cover and comprising two members relatively rotatable about an axis extending substantially diametrically with respect to said cover, one of said swivel members being secured to said cover and they other beingsecured to said supporting member;

- whereby said cover may be swung from open to closed position, with respect to said receptacle, with said supporting member, and may be rotated on said swivel joint structure while in open position either into position to effect normal closure of said lower receptacle or into position claim 1-, including a spray nozzle in said cover, I

a water supply conduit on said receptacle, means for completing water connection between said conduit and nozzle comprising a first coupling member on said receptacle connected to said conduit and a second coupling member on said cover so positioned thereon as to abut against and make water-connection with said first coupling memberwhen said cover is moved into closed position, and spring detent means on said swivel joint structure for yieldably retaining the two members of said swivel in that position in which said cover is aligned for seating engagement with said receptacle and said coupling members are aligned for water connection.

4. A dishwasher comprising a receptacle for containing dishes and a lower spray means in said receptacle for projecting water upwardly on dishes therein, an upper spray means in said receptacle for projecting water downwardly on dishes therein, a water-tight container.for soap, having inlet and outlet ports, conduit means for supplying water under pressure, and control means for selectively connecting said conduit means either directly to either spray means, or indirectly to either spray means through said soap container, said control means comprising a first valve associated with said water supply conduit and operable'into a plurality of predetermined positions for selectively connecting said conduit either to said lower spray, to said top spray, or to the soap container inlet port, a second valve operable into a plurality of predetermined positions for selectively connecting the outlet port of said soap container either to said lower spray, or to said upper spray, or to close said outlet port, an actuating means movable progressively through first, second, third and fourth positions, respectively, for operating said two valves in unison in such order that: in said first position said conduit is connected to said inlet port and said outlet port is connected to one of said sprays, in said second position said conduit is connected to said inlet port and said outlet port is connected to the other of said sprays, in said third position said conduit is connected directly to one of said sprays and in said fourth position said conduit is connected directly to the other of said sprays.

5. A dishwasher comprising a receptacle, a rack in said receptacle for supporting dishes above the bottom of said receptacle, and rotary spray means in said receptacle below said rack for directing water upwardly onto dishes in said rack, said rotary spray means comprising an arm, means rotatably supporting said arm for free rotation below said rack, nozzle means slidable along said arm and conduit means for supplying water to said nozzle means, a spiral track adjacent said arm and extending continuously in'a plurality of laps between end points adjacent the center of rotation of said arm and adjacent the path of rotation of the end of said arm, respectively, guide means on said nozzle means for slidably engaging said track, and means for alternately rotating said arm in opposite directions whereby said nozzle moves back and forth through a spiral path, extending from end to end of said spiral track.

6. A dishwasher comprising a receptacle, a rack in said receptacle for supporting dishes above the bottom of said receptacle, and rotary spray means in said receptacle below said rack for directing water upwardly onto dishes in said rack, said rotary. spray .means comprising an arm, means rotatably supporting said arm for free rotation below said rack, nozzle means slidable along said arm and conduit means for supplying water to said nozzle means, a spiral track adjacent said arm, guide means on said nozzle means for slidably engaging said track, auxiliary nozzle means on said arm defining a pair of orifices facing in the two opposite directions of movement of the arm whereby the reaction of the water jet from one orifice tends to rotate the arm in one direction and the reaction of the water jet from the other orifice tends to rotate the arm in the other direction, and means for opening one of said orifices and closing the other in response to arrival of said nozzle at the inner end of said spiral track, and opening the other orifice and closing the said one orifice in response to arrival of the nozzle means at the outer end of said spiral track.

7. A dishwasher comprising a receptacle, a rack in said receptacle for supporting dishes above the bottom of said receptacle, and rotary spray means in said receptacle below said rack for directing water upwardly onto dishes in said raclr, said rotary spray means comprising an arm, means rotatably supporting said arm for free rotation below said rack, nozzle means slidable along said arm, and conduit means for supplying water to said nozzle means, a spiral track adjacent said arm, guide means on said nozzle means for slidably engaging said track, said nozzle means being adjustable to deflect water issuing therefrom upwardly and tangentially in either tangential direction, and separate means at opposite ends of said spiral track responsive to movement of said nozzle means to each end of said spiral track for reversing the tangential direction of water issuing from said nozzle means.

8. A. dishwasher comprising, in combination, a receptacle, reversible cover means adapted to extend upwardly from the edge of said receptacle in a washing position and to nest within the upper portion of said receptacle in position of disuse, spray means in the lower portion of said receptacle for projecting a water spray upwardly therein, and a collapsible plate rack in said receptacle above said spray means, said rack comprising stationary frame means for supporting the lower edges of plates positioned vertically thereabove, and plate separating and supporting arms pivotally supported on said frame for movement from upper active positions spaced from each other into inactive positions resting flat on said frame below said cover means when the latter is nested within said receptacle.

9. In a dishwasher of the class comprising a receptacle, spray means in the lower portion of said receptacle for projecting a water spray upwardly therein, and a plate rack in said receptacle above said spray means, the plate rack construction comprising stationary frame means for supporting the lower edges of plates positioned vertically thereabove, plate separating and supporting arms pivotally supported on said frame for movement from upstanding positions spaced from each other into positions resting flat on said frame, and means for constantly urging said arms into upper position but yieldable to permit movement of the arms into lower position.

10. A plate rack construction as described in claim 9 in which said frame comprises a hub member and an arcuate member spaced therefrom and said arms are divided into groups of threes, each arm being of approximate inverted U-shape and pivotally supported on its outer end on said arcuate member, the two outer arms of each group being integrally secured together at their inner ends and pivotally supported on the inner end of the intermediate arm of said group.

11. A plate rack construction as described in claim 9 in which said frame comprises a hub member and an arcuate member spaced therefrom and said arms are divided into groups of threes, each arm being of approximate inverted U-shape and pivotally supported on its outer end on said arcuate member, the two outer arms of each group being integrally secured together at their inner ends and pivotally supported on the inner end of the intermediate arm of said group, and rotatable means on said hub member for collapsing said arms flat against said frame.

12. In a dishwashing machine of the class comprising a receptacle, rotatable spray means in the lower portion of said receptacle and a plate rack in said receptacle above said spray means for retaining plates positioned on edge at a predetermined direction of inclination to the vertical, theplate rack construction comprising an arcuate horizontal frame member and a hub member eccentrically positioned with respect to said arcuate member, a plurality of spoke members extending from said hub member to said arcuate member, each of said spoke members being pivotally supported at its inner end on said hub member, said spoke members being rotatable in one direction from approximately vertical positions into lower position substantially flat on the plane of said hub and arcuate member, means for preventing rotation of said spoke members from the vertical in the other direction, and means for yleldably urging said spokes into vertical position whereby plates positioned between and leaned against said spokes in one direction retain the spokes in vertical position and when leaned against the spokes in the other direction collapse the spokes.

13. A dishwasher comprising a receptacle, rotary spray means in the bottom of said receptacle, said spray means comprising an arm, means rotatably supporting said arm for free rotation, nozzle means slidable along said arm and conduit means for supplying water to said nozzle means, a spiral track positioned horizontally above said arm, guide means on said nozzle means for slidably engaging said track, and means for alternately rotating said arm in opposite directions whereby said nozzle moves back and forth through a spiral path, said spiral track constituting a rack for supporting dishes to be washed above said spray means.

14. A dishwasher as described in claim 8 with means for constantly urging said arms into their upper positions but yieldable to permit movement of the arms into said inactive positions.

JAMES B. FULLERTON. 

